Makugawene dan Kelestarian Lingkungan di Wilayah Pantai Kota Ternate
Warga Kota Ternate – Maluku Utara, pernah memiliki sejarah dan pengalaman kelam serta traumatis akibat konflik SARA antara komunitas Muslim dan komunitas Kristen-Katolik, pada tahun 1999-2000. Apabila dirunut secara teliti, konflik warga itu dilatar-belakangi oleh kepentingan urusan keseharian antar warga yang secara kebetulan berbeda keyakinan agama saja. Bukan karena masalah perbedaan keyakinan atau substansi Agama. Perbedaan keyakinan antar pelaku pertikaian tersebut, telah memberikan kesan, seolah-olah konflik terjadi antar pemeluk Agama.
Konflik itu telah menyisakan kepedihan mendalam di kedua belah pihak. Kerugian yang ditimbulkan begitu besar. Warga harus mengungsi. Mereka tidak bisa bekerja dalam kesehariannya. Akibatnya, mereka mengalami kelaparan, kemiskinan, gangguan kesehatan, serta pendidikan. Semua berhenti dan terganggu. Dampak itu dialami warga selama bertahun-tahun. Tetapi, Alhamdulillah rekonsiliasi yang dilakukan pemerintah dan tokoh-tokoh agama dari umat Islam dan Kristen berbuah manis, yakni kerukunan, kedamaian dan keharmonisan kembali terjalin penuh suka cita. Sekalipun kerukunan dan keharmonisan sudah ada di antara umat Islam dan umat Kristen, tetapi yang perlu dijalin dan dieratkan lagi adalah kolaborasi atau kerjasama melalui kegiatan-kegiatan sosial yang nyata, seperti ikut membantu saudara-saudara yang berbeda keyakinan mendapat musibah gempa, dan lain-lain.
Muhammadiyah Kota Ternate berpandangan, bahwa Kota ini memiliki pantai sangat indah. Karena wisata pantai dan baharinya dan seharusnya bersih,seperti Wisata Pantai Tobololo,pantai wisata Sulamadaha, pantai wisata Jikomalamo,pantai wisata Kastela yang dekat dengan banteng Kastela(Salah satu banteng Portugis) . Kota ini dihuni oleh warga dengan latar belakang suku, agama, etnis yang tidak tunggal atau masyarakat multikultur. Membangun pondasi kerukunan, sekaligus kelestarian alam dan lingkungan di Komunitas pantai, adalah sebuah keniscayaan.
Pimpinan Pusat Muhammadiyah, telah menunjuk sdr. Bahran Taib, seorang dosen negeri di Universitas Khairun.Universitas Khairun sendiri adalah salah satu PTN di Ternate, sekaligus lulusan Pasca Sarjana Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, sebagai Program Manager. Dia akan bertanggungjawan dalam pengembangan program kerukunan dan pelestarian lingkungan di Kota Ternate. Program tersebut dikenal dengan nama ECO BHINNEKA MUHAMMADIYAH, dan mendapat dukungan dari JISRA International. Bahran sangat matang dalam berorganisasi di lingkungan Muhammadiyah. Pengalamannya terbangun sejak Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Kemampuannya dalam memfasilitasi Kerjasama dengan bebagai kelompok, tidak diragukan.
Dalam operasionalisasi program Eco Bhinneka Muhammadiyah, Bahran, sebagai pengampu utama program, tidak akan bekerja sendirian. Dia akan selalu bekerja bersama dengan kelompok muda perempuan dan laki-laki lintas iman, pemerintah Kota, DPRD, FKUB, tokoh Agama dan tokoh Adat dalam membangun pondasi kehidupan yang ber-orientasi pada kerukunan dan kelestarian alam.
Program Eco Bhinneka Muhammadiyah di kota Ternate akan meng-agendakan beberapa kegiatan berupa: workshop, training, lomba, pertemuan rutin warga, diskusi dengan para pihak, kampanye kerukunan dan kelestarian alam dan seterusnya. Setiap kegiatan yang akan dilakukan nanti, pasti akan melibatkan semua perwakilan penganut Agama di Ternate.
Sebagai program manager, Bahran optimis, bahwa program ini bisa dijalankan dengan partisipasi penuh semua penganut agama, pemerintah, tokoh dan FKUB. “Secara internal Muhammadiyah memiliki modal sosial cukup bagus di mata komunitas agama kristen dan katolik, ormas-orma Islam lain: NU, Alkhairaat, Al-Irsyad dan ICMI. Jadi Inysa ALLAH, akan ada kemudahan”. Ujar Bahran dengan mantab.
Program ini tentu akan menemukan tantangan. Misalnya; mengubah cara berpikir warga, terutama yang masih kolot, fanatik berlebihan, dan ekslusif. Tentu, proses ini memerlukan waktu yang tidak sebentar. Namun demikian, secara perlahan tapi pasti, bisa dilakukan. Program ini akan intens membangun perjumpaan dan komunikasi dengan para tokoh dan anak-anak muda terlebih dahulu. Para pihak yang selama ini enggan, bahkan tidak pernah bertemu dengan kelompok lain, akan dipertemukan. Ada forum khusus untuk warga, terutama yang berbeda dengan keyakinan, suku, ras dan etnik.
Apalagi untuk isu lingkungan hidup. Pastinya, semua pihak akan memiliki kepentingan yang sama, yaitu menjaga lingkungan dan kerukunan. Kebutuhan itu melintasi perbedaan dan batas agama, suku, etnis dan ras. Semua manusia, jika ingin hidup Bahagia, harus menjaga kerukunan dan kelestarian alam dan lingkungan sekitarnya.
Pada akhir program, perubahan yang akan diwujudkan adalah sebagai berikut:
Program Eco Bhinneka berhasil membangun budaya perjumpaan, dialog, diskusi secara terbuka yang akan diikuti oleh semua warga yang berlainan suku, agama, etnis dan ras.
Warga yang tinggal di sekitar pantai di Kota Ternate, yang berbeda keyakinan agama, suku, etnis, ras, bisa bekerjasama dalam upaya pelestarian lingkungan.
Terbangunnya suatu kesadaran warga, dalam bentuk budaya baru, nilai baru, kebijakan di tingkat lokal yang bertujuan untuk membangun kerukunan, mencegah aksi kekerasan atas nama Agama diantara warga.
Teruwujudnya Kerjasama baik dan komitmen bersama antar tokoh agama, pemerintah kota, DPRD, FKUB untuk menumbuhkan kesadaran bersama dalam upaya membangun kerukunan dan pelestarian lingkungan di Kota Ternate.
Catatan Penjelasan tentang Makna Makugawene di Judul Utama diambil dari bahasa Ternate:
Makugawene yang bermakna “ Saling mencintai,cinta dan kasih sayang sesama manusia dengan seluruh makhluk ciptaan Tuhan YME”.
Kalau istilah makugawene dalam percakapan sehari-hari harus ada to be,yakni harus ada bantu “ ino fo”,sehingga kata yang lengkap dan makna jelas adalah “ ino fo makugawene( Artinya mari kita sama-sama saling mencintai dan menyayangi sesama dengan makhluk hidup lainnya(alam).
Penulis: Bahran Taib (Regional Manager JISRA Muhammadiyah Ternate – Maluku Utara)
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Makugawene and Environmental Sustainability in the Coastal Region of Ternate City
The citizens of Ternate City, North Maluku, have a dark and traumatic history from the SARA (Ethnicity, Religion, Race, and Intergroup Relations) conflict between the Muslim and Christian-Catholic communities in 1999-2000. If traced carefully, the conflict was rooted in the daily life interests of citizens who happened to have different religious beliefs. It was not due to differences in faith or religious substance. The difference in beliefs between the conflicting parties gave the impression that the conflict was occurring between followers of different religions.
The conflict left deep sorrow on both sides. The losses it caused were immense. Residents had to flee. They could not work in their daily lives. Consequently, they experienced hunger, poverty, health problems, and educational disruptions. Everything stopped and was interrupted. Residents suffered from these impacts for years. However, praise be to God (Alhamdulillah), the reconciliation carried out by the government and religious leaders from the Muslim and Christian communities bore sweet fruit: harmony, peace, and concord were re-established with great joy. Although harmony and concord already exist between Muslims and Christians, what needs to be further woven and strengthened is collaboration or cooperation through tangible social activities, such as helping our brothers and sisters of different faiths who are affected by disasters like earthquakes, and so on.
Muhammadiyah of Ternate City holds the view that this city has very beautiful beaches. As a destination for beach and marine tourism, they should be clean, such as Tobololo Beach, Sulamadaha Beach, Jikomalamo Beach, and Kastela Beach, which is near the Kastela Fortress (one of the Portuguese forts). This city is inhabited by citizens from diverse or multicultural backgrounds of ethnicity, religion, and race. Building a foundation of harmony, while also preserving nature and the environment in the coastal communities, is a necessity.
The Central Board of Muhammadiyah has appointed Mr. Bahran Taib, a public university lecturer at Khairun University (one of the state universities in Ternate) and a postgraduate alumnus of Muhammadiyah University of Malang, as the Program Manager. He will be responsible for developing the harmony and environmental preservation program in Ternate City. The program is known as ECO BHINNEKA MUHAMMADIYAH and receives support from JISRA International. Bahran is very well-versed in organizing within the Muhammadiyah environment. His experience has been built since he was in Junior High School. His ability to facilitate cooperation with various groups is beyond doubt.
In the operationalization of the Eco Bhinneka Muhammadiyah program, Bahran, as the main leader of the program, will not work alone. He will always work together with interfaith youth groups of women and men, the city government, the DPRD (Regional People’s Representative Council), FKUB (Forum for Religious Harmony), religious leaders, and customary leaders to build a foundation for life that is oriented towards harmony and nature conservation.
The Eco Bhinneka Muhammadiyah program in Ternate will schedule several activities in the form of workshops, training sessions, competitions, regular citizen meetings, discussions with stakeholders, campaigns for harmony and nature conservation, and so on. Every activity that will be carried out will certainly involve all representatives of the religious followers in Ternate.
As program manager, Bahran is optimistic that this program can be carried out with the full participation of all religious followers, the government, leaders, and the FKUB. “Internally, Muhammadiyah has quite good social capital in the eyes of the Christian and Catholic communities, and other Islamic organizations such as NU, Alkhairaat, Al-Irsyad, and ICMI. So, God willing (Insya Allah), it will be facilitated,” said Bahran firmly.
This program will certainly encounter challenges. For example, changing the mindset of citizens, especially those who are still conservative, excessively fanatic, and exclusive. Of course, this process will require a significant amount of time. Nevertheless, slowly but surely, it can be done. This program will intensively build encounters and communication with leaders and young people first. Parties who have been reluctant, or have never even met with other groups, will be brought together. There will be a special forum for citizens, especially those with different beliefs, ethnicities, and races.
This is especially true for the issue of the environment. Certainly, all parties will have the same interest, which is to protect the environment and harmony. That need transcends differences and boundaries of religion, ethnicity, and race. All human beings, if they want to live happily, must maintain harmony and the preservation of nature and their surrounding environment.
At the end of the program, the changes to be realized are as follows:
- The Eco Bhinneka program successfully builds a culture of encounter, dialogue, and open discussion that will be followed by all citizens of different ethnicities, religions, and races.
- Residents living around the coast in Ternate City, who have different religious beliefs, ethnicities, and races, can work together in environmental preservation efforts.
- The development of a civic consciousness in the form of a new culture, new values, and policies at the local level aimed at building harmony and preventing acts of violence in the name of religion among citizens.
- The realization of good cooperation and a joint commitment among religious leaders, the city government, the DPRD, and the FKUB to foster a shared awareness in the effort to build harmony and environmental preservation in Ternate City.
Explanatory Note on the Meaning of Makugawene in the Main Title, taken from the Ternate language:
Makugawene means “To love one another, love and affection among fellow human beings and with all of God Almighty’s creatures.”
In daily conversation, the term makugawene must have the auxiliary phrase “ino fo” to be complete, so the full and clear phrase is “ino fo makugawene” (which means “let us love and care for each other and for other living beings (nature)”).
Author: Bahran Taib (Regional Manager of JISRA Muhammadiyah Ternate – North Maluku)
